Chikungunya fever – A new global threat

Chikungunya Fever resurgence and global warming.

Chikungunya (CHIK) is not a household word in most parts of the world. However, in 2004, CHIK fever carried by mosquitoes re-emerged with a vengeance in nations cresting an overheated Indian Ocean. For Africa, climate change portends more such surprises. Chikungunya fever, first described in 1952 in southern Tanzania (formerly Tanganyika) along its border with Mozambique, draws its name from th...

Chikungunya, a Global Threat Currently Circulating in Latin America

Chikungunya fever (CHIK) is a highly important arbovirosis currently established in Lat‐ in America and the Caribbean (LAC); its acute and chronic burden is an overlooked issue for policy makers. Disease spread control and proper management of chronic-derived se‐ quelae do not seem like a realistic goal in shortand mid-term. The CHIKV circulating in the Western Hemisphere is closely related to ...

Chikungunya, a new threat propagated by the cosmopolite Aedes albopictus

The recent outbreaks of chikungunya (CHIK) were due to an East-Central-South African genotype harbouring a substitution from an Alanine (E1-226A) to a Valine (E1-226V) at the position 226 in the E1 gene. The new variant E1-226V is very efficiently transmitted by an unusual mosquito vector, Aedes albopictus. We found that (i) Ae. albopictus females ensure a high replication rate of E1-226V up to...

Cyber Conflicts as a New Global Threat

In this paper, an attempt is made to analyze the potential threats and consequences of cyber conflicts and, in particular, the risks of a global cyber conflict. The material is based on a comprehensive analysis of the nature of cyber conflict and its elements from both technical and societal points of view. The approach used in the paper considers the societal component as an essential part of ...

Hyperpigmentation and chikungunya fever*